1
{
2
  "traceId": "abc123",
3
  "spanId": "def456",
4
  "parentSpanId": "ghi789",
5
  "operationName": "POST /api/payment",
6
  "startTime": "2025-03-01T10:00:00.000Z",
7
  "duration": 150000000,
8
  "tags": {
9
    "http.method": "POST",
10
    "http.status_code": 200,
11
    "error": false
12
  },
13
  "logs": [
14
    {
15
      "timestamp": "2025-03-01T10:00:00.050Z",
16
      "fields": {"event": "cache_miss", "key": "user:123"}
17
    }
18
  ]
19
}

1
请求链路：
2
API网关 → 风控服务 → 账户服务
3
         ↑ traceparent: 00-abc123-def456-01
4
         ↑ traceparent: 00-abc123-xyz789-01

1
import (
2
    "go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
3
    "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace"
4
)
5

6
func ProcessPayment(ctx context.Context, req PaymentRequest) error {
7
    tracer := otel.Tracer("payment-service")
8
    ctx, span := tracer.Start(ctx, "ProcessPayment",
9
        trace.WithAttributes(
10
            attribute.String("user.id", req.UserID),
11
            attribute.Float64("amount", req.Amount),
12
        ),
13
    )
14
    defer span.End()
15

16
    // 风控检查
17
    if err := riskCheck(ctx, req); err != nil {
18
        span.RecordError(err)
19
        span.SetAttributes(attribute.Bool("error", true))
20
        return err
21
    }
22

23
    // 账户扣款
24
    if err := deductBalance(ctx, req); err != nil {
25
        span.RecordError(err)
26
        return err
27
    }
28

29
    return nil
30
}

1
import "go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp"
2

3
// HTTP 服务器自动插桩
4
handler := otelhttp.NewHandler(http.HandlerFunc(handlePayment), "payment")
5
http.Handle("/payment", handler)
6

7
// HTTP 客户端自动插桩
8
client := &http.Client{
9
    Transport: otelhttp.NewTransport(http.DefaultTransport),
10
}

1
// 概率采样
2
sampler := trace.TraceIDRatioBased(0.1) // 10% 采样率
3

4
// 固定采样
5
sampler := trace.AlwaysSample()  // 全量
6
sampler := trace.NeverSample()   // 不采集

1
// 尾部采样策略
2
type TailSamplingStrategy struct {
3
    // 错误请求全部采集
4
    ErrorRate float64
5
    // 慢请求全部采集
6
    LatencyThreshold time.Duration
7
    // 正常请求采样率
8
    NormalRate float64
9
}

1
低负载时：采样率 100%
2
正常负载：采样率 10%
3
高负载时：采样率 1%

1
apiVersion: jaegertracing.io/v1
2
kind: Jaeger
3
metadata:
4
  name: jaeger
5
spec:
6
  strategy: production
7
  storage:
8
    type: elasticsearch
9
    options:
10
      es:
11
        server-urls: http://elasticsearch:9200
12
        index-prefix: jaeger
13
  sampling:
14
    strategies:
15
      type: probabilistic
16
      param: 0.1

1
import "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace"
2

3
func processRequest(ctx context.Context) {
4
    span := trace.SpanFromContext(ctx)
5
    traceID := span.SpanContext().TraceID().String()
6

7
    log.Printf("[traceID=%s] Processing request", traceID)
8
}

1
Span: http.request
2
  → 指标: http_request_duration_seconds (Histogram)
3
  → 指标: http_request_total (Counter)
4
  → 指标: http_error_total (Counter, error=true)

1
// 批量上报配置
2
batchSpanProcessor := sdktrace.NewBatchSpanProcessor(
3
    exporter,
4
    sdktrace.WithBatchTimeout(5*time.Second),
5
    sdktrace.WithMaxExportBatchSize(512),
6
    sdktrace.WithMaxQueueSize(2048),
7
)